EINAI, ΦΥΣΙΣ, ΛΟΓΟΣ, ΑΛΗΘΕΙΗ
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.3989/emerita.1974.v42.i1.1006Abstract
Already in indoeuropean *es an “empty plereme” with the only function of supporting the expression of extense morphemes (nominal phrase). That is why comparative linguistic has been unable to reconstruct the primitive “concrete meanings” of this root. As to the value of “existence” attributed to the absolute use of the copula, it is unadmissible in Greek times: the concept of existence comes on later. Ide. *es means “being manifest” or “appearing” either it functions as copula or as an absolute form. From here originates an ontological meaning. On the other hand ϕύω and the names derivated from this root have reached sometime ontologization. But in other case they keep their concrete meaning. The word λόγς has a similar evolution, because its meaning of “telling” or “expounding” refers to the thin in itself, not to the subjectivity.
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