Ueber indogermanische Gerundiva, Gerundia und Absolutiva
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.3989/emerita.1978.v46.i2.884Abstract
IE gerundives are adjectives describing passive or active necessity; they are derived from infinitive stems (= verbal nouns), or from infinitives in final function. As with the latter, the agent is in the dative case. The origins of the passive diathesis are to be seen in passive gerundives. The gerundive formation with IE *-io- is identical to the Skt. absolutive formation in -ya; it contains IE *-io- (= relative pronoun) as a particle of subordination. IE *-io- is derived from *i- ‘this; here’, and there exists an IE enclitic particle *-om with a similar function. Therefore, this IE *-om as a particle of subordination must also be contained in the Skt. absolutives in -am. These two particles of subordination have their origin in deictic particles.
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